waves :: essays research papers

INERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE SUBSIDIARY LEVELWAVES SUMMARY4.1 Travelling fly high characteristicsA medium is a material through which a shudder passes.When a wave passes, distributively part of the medium moves away from its form position and then returns. This is called an oscillation. Oscillations within the medium are slight movements either side of the normal position. The wave motion is the disturbance that passes through the medium. A wave pulse causes the medium to have one oscillation. A continuous travelling wave causes the medium to keep oscillating. Waves transfer energy without transporting matter because each part of the medium oscillates on the spot.A transverse pulse causes the spring to move at castigate angles to the circumspection of motion of the pulse.A longitudinal pulse causes the spring to move parallel to the direction of motion of the pulse.The direction of propagation is at right angles to the wavefront.The displacement at a point is how much the medium has been displaced from its normal position. Displacements are given + or - signs depending on the direction of the displacement. Amplitude is the largest distance from the normal position that the medium is displaced.The wavelength l of a wave is the distance from one point to the next corresponding point.The period T of a wave is the age in seconds that it takes one wavelength to pass by. In this time the medium will complete one oscillation. The frequency f of the wave is the number of wavelengths that pass each second.Frequency and period are reciprocals. T = 1/f.The stronghold of a wave is equal to its frequency times its wavelength.A displacement/position chart shows the displacement of the different sections of a medium.A displacement/time graph shows the displacement of one point of a medium as time elapses.The speed of the particles of a medium is a maximum when their displacement is zero.The speed of the particles of a medium is zero where the medium has maximum displa cement.For a longitudinal wave, the medium has a high pressure called a compression where particles are closer than normal.For a longitudinal wave, the medium has a low pressure called a rarefaction where particles are hike apart than normal.The particles around a compression move in the same direction as the wave.The particles around a rarefaction move in the opposite direction to the wave.The particles near a compression and rarefaction have small displacements.The particles where the pressure is normal, have large displacements.